- Acrocarp
- Anoxic
- Biodiversity
- Biota
- Cryoconite hole
- Cryosphere
- Cryptic species
- Dessication tolerance
- Endemic
- Extremophile
- Founder effect
- Gemma
- Gene flow
- Genetic drift
- Genetic recombination
- Holocene
- Hydric soil
- In situ
- LGM
- Mesic
- Methanogene
- Methanotroph
- Mutation
- Mycobiont
- Natural selection
- Nunatak
- Oligotrophic
- Ornitogenic tundra
- Oxygenic photosynthesis
- Periglacial
- Phylogeographic
- Phylogeography
- Planktivore
- Planktivorous
- Pleistocene
- Pleurocarp
- Poikilohydric
- Population bottlenecks
- Postglacial
- Protonema
- Psychrophile
- Psychrotrophs
- Quaternary
- Refugia
- Refugium
- Soil chemistry
- Vicariance
- Xeric
- YBP